2023 Migration Patterns: Where Is America Moving?

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Where is America Moving?
Domestic Top 10 Inbound
Domestic Top 10 Outbound
International Top 10
Migration Trends
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Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	39%	61%
2022	42%	58%
2021	43%	57%
2020	42%	58%
2019	45%	55%
2018	47%	53%
2017	47%	53%
2016	46%	54%
2015	42%	58%
2014	41%	59%
2013	42%	58%
2012	43%	57%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	44%	56%
2022	43%	57%
2021	48%	52%
2020	47%	53%
2019	51%	49%
2018	48%	52%
2017	51%	49%
2016	51%	49%
2015	53%	47%
2014	58%	42%
2013	53%	47%
2012	51%	49%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	49%	51%
2022	49%	51%
2021	52%	48%
2020	50%	50%
2019	49%	51%
2018	48%	52%
2017	46%	54%
2016	48%	52%
2015	46%	54%
2014	44%	56%
2013	48%	52%
2012	47%	53%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	59%	41%
2022	59%	41%
2021	60%	40%
2020	54%	46%
2019	53%	47%
2018	52%	48%
2017	53%	47%
2016	54%	46%
2015	52%	48%
2014	54%	46%
2013	57%	43%
2012	50%	50%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	48%	52%
2022	46%	54%
2021	47%	53%
2020	42%	58%
2019	43%	57%
2018	42%	58%
2017	40%	60%
2016	39%	61%
2015	44%	56%
2014	42%	58%
2013	41%	59%
2012	42%	58%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	53%	47%
2022	51%	49%
2021	55%	45%
2020	60%	40%
2019	56%	44%
2018	68%	32%
2017	62%	38%
2016	53%	47%
2015	52%	48%
2014	49%	51%
2013	49%	51%
2012	50%	50%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	59%	41%
2022	74%	26%
2021	50%	50%
2020	50%	50%
2019	27%	73%
2018	33%	67%
2017	42%	58%
2016	40%	60%
2015	38%	62%
2014	36%	64%
2013	50%	50%
2012	56%	44%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	60%	40%
2022	57%	43%
2021	55%	45%
2020	61%	39%
2019	52%	48%
2018	57%	43%
2017	55%	45%
2016	55%	45%
2015	53%	47%
2014	57%	43%
2013	58%	42%
2012	56%	44%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	46%	54%
2022	45%	55%
2021	40%	60%
2020	39%	61%
2019	42%	58%
2018	43%	57%
2017	45%	55%
2016	46%	54%
2015	42%	58%
2014	42%	58%
2013	44%	56%
2012	43%	57%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	57%	43%
2022	58%	42%
2021	57%	43%
2020	60%	40%
2019	59%	41%
2018	56%	44%
2017	52%	48%
2016	46%	54%
2015	52%	48%
2014	53%	47%
2013	54%	46%
2012	54%	46%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	44%	56%
2022	41%	59%
2021	37%	63%
2020	34%	66%
2019	37%	63%
2018	39%	61%
2017	41%	59%
2016	41%	59%
2015	38%	62%
2014	39%	61%
2013	41%	59%
2012	42%	58%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	92%	8%
2022	64%	36%
2021	67%	33%
2020	50%	50%
2019	24%	76%
2018	44%	56%
2017	44%	56%
2016	62%	38%
2015	44%	565
2014	13%	88%
2013	75%	25%
2012	75%	25%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	64%	36%
2022	64%	36%
2021	63%	37%
2020	65%	35%
2019	59%	41%
2018	63%	37%
2017	59%	41%
2016	61%	39%
2015	61%	39%
2014	60%	40%
2013	60%	40%
2012	60%	40%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	46%	54%
2022	45%	55%
2021	47%	53%
2020	49%	51%
2019	50%	50%
2018	46%	54%
2017	51%	49%
2016	54%	46%
2015	59%	41%
2014	64%	36%
2013	67%	33%
2012	61%	39%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	60%	40%
2022	59%	41%
2021	42%	58%
2020	56%	44%
2019	56%	44%
2018	43%	57%
2017	40%	60%
2016	44%	56%
2015	46%	54%
2014	34%	66%
2013	42%	58%
2012	29%	71%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	44%	56%
2022	45%	55%
2021	43%	57%
2020	44%	56%
2019	46%	54%
2018	45%	55%
2017	45%	55%
2016	45%	55%
2015	41%	59%
2014	42%	58%
2013	42%	58%
2012	43%	57%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	52%	48%
2022	49%	51%
2021	50%	50%
2020	49%	51%
2019	48%	52%
2018	50%	50%
2017	45%	55%
2016	52%	48%
2015	51%	49%
2014	55%	45%
2013	52%	48%
2012	52%	48%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	51%	49%
2022	37%	63%
2021	42%	58%
2020	44%	56%
2019	38%	62%
2018	42%	58%
2017	39%	61%
2016	35%	65%
2015	31%	69%
2014	33%	67%
2013	38%	62%
2012	38%	62%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	42%	58%
2022	44%	56%
2021	46%	54%
2020	55%	45%
2019	54%	46%
2018	57%	43%
2017	57%	43%
2016	62%	38%
2015	64%	36%
2014	57%	43%
2013	58%	42%
2012	56%	44%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	37%	63%
2022	42%	58%
2021	46%	54%
2020	48%	52%
2019	44%	56%
2018	45%	55%
2017	44%	56%
2016	45%	55%
2015	41%	59%
2014	43%	57%
2013	44%	56%
2012	46%	54%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	54%	46%
2022	40%	60%
2021	44%	56%
2020	53%	47%
2019	43%	57%
2018	44%	56%
2017	40%	60%
2016	31%	68%
2015	26%	74%
2014	31%	69%
2013	39%	61%
2012	47%	53%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	52%	48%
2022	52%	48%
2021	57%	43%
2020	54%	46%
2019	58%	42%
2018	53%	47%
2017	56%	44%
2016	50%	50%
2015	56%	44%
2014	54%	46%
2013	46%	54%
2012	54%	46%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	43%	57%
2022	45%	55%
2021	42%	58%
2020	8%	92%
2019	24%	76%
2018	31%	69%
2017	30%	70%
2016	29%	71%
2015	23%	78%
2014	27%	73%
2013	33%	67%
2012	43%	57%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	50%	50%
2022	49%	51%
2021	52%	48%
2020	47%	53%
2019	47%	53%
2018	47%	53%
2017	47%	53%
2016	47%	53%
2015	45%	55%
2014	45%	55%
2013	45%	55%
2012	46%	54%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	50%	50%
2022	49%	51%
2021	48%	52%
2020	47%	53%
2019	38%	62%
2018	43%	57%
2017	40%	60%
2016	42%	58%
2015	40%	60%
2014	48%	52%
2013	48%	52%
2012	48%	52%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	54%	46%
2022	58%	42%
2021	61%	39%
2020	58%	42%
2019	59%	41%
2018	57%	43%
2017	61%	39%
2016	60%	40%
2015	58%	42%
2014	56%	44%
2013	56%	44%
2012	56%	44%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	56%	44%
2022	56%	44%
2021	57%	43%
2020	56%	44%
2019	56%	44%
2018	52%	48%
2017	53%	47%
2016	53%	47%
2015	57%	43%
2014	59%	41%
2013	58%	42%
2012	56%	44%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	55%	45%
2022	55%	45%
2021	61%	39%
2020	56%	44%
2019	48%	52%
2018	50%	50%
2017	47%	53%
2016	49%	51%
2015	51%	49%
2014	49%	51%
2013	50%	50%
2012	46%	54%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	49%	51%
2022	47%	53%
2021	54%	46%
2020	53%	47%
2019	52%	48%
2018	47%	53%
2017	52%	48%
2016	44%	56%
2015	43%	57%
2014	44%	56%
2013	50%	50%
2012	44%	56%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	55%	45%
2022	55%	45%
2021	49%	51%
2020	55%	45%
2019	55%	45%
2018	55%	45%
2017	54%	46%
2016	52%	48%
2015	49%	51%
2014	50%	50%
2013	51%	49%
2012	51%	49%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	59%	41%
2022	59%	41%
2021	56%	44%
2020	57%	43%
2019	60%	40%
2018	57%	43%
2017	63%	37%
2016	58%	42%
2015	55%	45%
2014	55%	45%
2013	53%	47%
2012	57%	43%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	57%	43%
2022	56%	44%
2021	61%	39%
2020	60%	40%
2019	56%	44%
2018	56%	44%
2017	55%	45%
2016	57%	43%
2015	54%	46%
2014	57%	43%
2013	44%	56%
2012	63%	37%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	53%	47%
2022	53%	47%
2021	42%	58%
2020	40%	60%
2019	37%	63%
2018	38%	62%
2017	40%	60%
2016	41%	59%
2015	44%	56%
2014	43%	57%
2013	47%	53%
2012	44%	56%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	44%	56%
2022	48%	52%
2021	47%	53%
2020	53%	47%
2019	46%	54%
2018	46%	54%
2017	49%	51%
2016	45%	55%
2015	41%	59%
2014	45%	55%
2013	46%	54%
2012	28%	72%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	44%	56%
2022	42%	58%
2021	48%	52%
2020	47%	53%
2019	47%	53%
2018	39%	61%
2017	45%	55%
2016	37%	63%
2015	40%	60%
2014	42%	58%
2013	45%	55%
2012	41%	59%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	62%	38%
2022	63%	37%
2021	58%	42%
2020	0%	0%
2019	0%	0%
2018	0%	0%
2017	0%	0%
2016	0%	0%
2015	0%	0%
2014	0%	100%
2013	0%	0%
2012	0%	0%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	54%	46%
2022	57%	43%
2021	59%	41%
2020	61%	39%
2019	57%	43%
2018	56%	44%
2017	57%	43%
2016	53%	47%
2015	57%	43%
2014	52%	48%
2013	54%	46%
2012	53%	47%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	49%	51%
2022	49%	51%
2021	49%	51%
2020	59%	41%
2019	56%	44%
2018	46%	54%
2017	60%	40%
2016	59%	41%
2015	60%	40%
2014	47%	53%
2013	52%	48%
2012	55%	45%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	43%	57%
2022	62%	38%
2021	34%	66%
2020	50%	50%
2019	34%	66%
2018	35%	65%
2017	36%	64%
2016	31%	69%
2015	35%	65%
2014	38%	62%
2013	49%	51%
2012	43%	57%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	50%	50%
2022	49%	51%
2021	53%	47%
2020	57%	43%
2019	58%	42%
2018	56%	44%
2017	54%	46%
2016	52%	48%
2015	51%	49%
2014	49%	51%
2013	49%	51%
2012	49%	51%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	58%	42%
2022	59%	41%
2021	62%	38%
2020	54%	46%
2019	49%	51%
2018	51%	49%
2017	51%	49%
2016	50%	50%
2015	51%	49%
2014	48%	52%
2013	50%	50%
2012	46%	54%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	41%	59%
2022	49%	51%
2021	42%	58%
2020	51%	49%
2019	41%	59%
2018	38%	62%
2017	35%	65%
2016	38%	62%
2015	38%	62%
2014	36%	64%
2013	40%	60%
2012	39%	61%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	49%	51%
2022	48%	52%
2021	42%	58%
2020	43%	57%
2019	48%	52%
2018	50%	50%
2017	49%	51%
2016	51%	49%
2015	54%	46%
2014	54%	46%
2013	53%	47%
2012	54%	46%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	54%	46%
2022	53%	47%
2021	53%	47%
2020	53%	47%
2019	55%	45%
2018	55%	45%
2017	54%	46%
2016	51%	49%
2015	53%	47%
2014	55%	45%
2013	53%	47%
2012	52%	48%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	48%	52%
2022	53%	47%
2021	43%	57%
2020	45%	55%
2019	44%	56%
2018	40%	60%
2017	44%	56%
2016	41%	59%
2015	44%	56%
2014	41%	59%
2013	40%	60%
2012	43%	57%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	47%	53%
2022	54%	46%
2021	47%	53%
2020	45%	55%
2019	43%	57%
2018	43%	57%
2017	40%	60%
2016	40%	60%
2015	44%	56%
2014	41%	59%
2013	41%	59%
2012	47%	53%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	58%	42%
2022	59%	41%
2021	59%	41%
2020	55%	45%
2019	54%	46%
2018	55%	45%
2017	53%	47%
2016	56%	44%
2015	58%	42%
2014	57%	43%
2013	54%	46%
2012	52%	48%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	56%	44%
2022	55%	45%
2021	54%	46%
2020	51%	49%
2019	51%	49%
2018	49%	51%
2017	49%	51%
2016	50%	50%
2015	51%	49%
2014	50%	50%
2013	48%	52%
2012	47%	53%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	77%	23%
2022	53%	47%
2021	60%	40%
2020	49%	51%
2019	47%	53%
2018	49%	51%
2017	40%	60%
2016	46%	545
2015	38%	62%
2014	46%	54%
2013	46%	54%
2012	50%	50%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	53%	47%
2022	51%	49%
2021	60%	40%
2020	66%	34%
2019	62%	38%
2018	66%	34%
2017	65%	35%
2016	63%	37%
2015	63%	37%
2014	59%	41%
2013	56%	44%
2012	51%	49%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	37%	63%
2022	39%	61%
2021	37%	63%
2020	38%	62%
2019	39%	61%
2018	39%	61%
2017	38%	62%
2016	40%	60%
2015	38%	62%
2014	40%	60%
2013	43%	57%
2012	44%	56%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	41%	59%
2022	41%	59%
2021	42%	58%
2020	42%	58%
2019	43%	57%
2018	43%	57%
2017	40%	60%
2016	42%	58%
2015	41%	59%
2014	44%	56%
2013	41%	59%
2012	44%	56%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	43%	57%
2022	42%	58%
2021	42%	58%
2020	44%	56%
2019	45%	55%
2018	49%	51%
2017	44%	56%
2016	43%	57%
2015	43%	57%
2014	45%	55%
2013	45%	55%
2012	51%	49%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	45%	55%
2022	47%	53%
2021	48%	52%
2020	46%	54%
2019	46%	54%
2018	43%	57%
2017	42%	58%
2016	44%	56%
2015	50%	50%
2014	45%	55%
2013	46%	54%
2012	45%	55%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	54%	46%
2022	53%	47%
2021	57%	43%
2020	58%	42%
2019	52%	48%
2018	51%	49%
2017	52%	48%
2016	51%	49%
2015	50%	50%
2014	50%	50%
2013	53%	47%
2012	53%	47%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	38%	62%
2022	35%	65%
2021	39%	61%
2020	40%	60%
2019	40%	60%
2018	42%	58%
2017	42%	58%
2016	41%	59%
2015	44%	56%
2014	46%	54%
2013	48%	52%
2012	46%	54%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	64%	36%
2022	63%	37%
2021	64%	36%
2020	62%	38%
2019	53%	47%
2018	55%	45%
2017	60%	40%
2016	53%	47%
2015	58%	42%
2014	52%	48%
2013	51%	49%
2012	50%	50%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	49%	51%
2022	35%	65%
2021	40%	60%
2020	36%	64%
2019	35%	65%
2018	24%	76%
2017	42%	58%
2016	29%	71%
2015	21%	79%
2014	27%	73%
2013	40%	60%
2012	37%	63%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	52%	48%
2022	49%	51%
2021	50%	50%
2020	48%	52%
2019	49%	51%
2018	48%	52%
2017	50%	50%
2016	50%	50%
2015	52%	48%
2014	52%	48%
2013	50%	50%
2012	51%	49%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	52%	48%
2022	46%	54%
2021	49%	51%
2020	48%	52%
2019	50%	50%
2018	52%	48%
2017	52%	48%
2016	51%	49%
2015	48%	52%
2014	46%	54%
2013	47%	53%
2012	48%	52%

Year	Inbound	Outbound
2023	46%	54%
2022	42%	58%
2021	45%	55%
2020	46%	54%
2019	46%	54%
2018	50%	50%
2017	53%	47%
2016	57%	43%
2015	55%	45%
2014	51%	49%
2013	53%	47%
2012	51%	49%

2023 Migration Patterns Study: Where is America Moving?

According to the annual Atlas® Van Lines Migration Patterns Study—marking its 30th edition since 1993 when Atlas® began publishing its findings that track moving habits and preferences based on internal data—Americans are once again on the move in 2023 following several years of unprecedented and unpredictable changes in the economy, housing, and job markets.

Atlas Van Lines’ statistics correlate with national data such as high inbound rates to hot housing markets in Maine and New Hampshire, as well as states that are good for business, including Georgia, North Carolina, Texas, and Washington. However, many of the country’s most affordable states have seen high rates of outbound moves, particularly in the Midwest, such as Indiana, Illinois, Iowa, and Ohio.

Hawaii was once again a sought-after destination this year, with 77% of the shipments being inbound.

The 10 U.S. states with the highest percentage of inbound and outbound moves in 2023 are included below in order of highest inbound and highest outbound rates.

What States Are Most Americans Moving To?

The 10 U.S. states with the highest percentage of inbound moves in 2023 were:

2023 Top 10 Inbound
1. Maine
2. North Carolina
3. New Hampshire
4. Montana
5. Washington
6. Arkansas
7. Florida
8. New Mexico
9. District of Columbia
10. Texas

North Carolina and Maine remain top-desired states from 2022 with New Hampshire making the largest jump from 10th to third.

What States Are Most Americans Moving Away From?

The 10 U.S. states with the highest percentage of outbound moves in 2023 were:

2023 Top 10 Outbound
1. Illinois
2. Pennsylvania
3. Louisiana
4. Minnesota
5. Indiana
6. Oregon
7. Iowa
8. Mississippi
9. New York
10. Ohio

Pennsylvania’s rate of outbound moves dramatically increased in 2023, as did Oregon’s. Meanwhile, the exodus from Indiana has seemed to slow, although it remains high on the outbound list.

Are Americans Moving Internationally?

In 2023, Atlas® World Group International reported the following trends in overseas relocation:

2023 Top 10 Inbound	2023 Top 10 Outbound
1. Japan	1. Japan
2. South Korea	2. South Korea
3. Germany	3. Kuwait
4. United Kingdom	4. Germany
5. Bahrain	5. Saudi Arabia
6. Australia	6. Puerto Rico
7. Canada	7. Greece
8. Kuwait	8. India
9. India	9. Denmark
10. Jordan	10. United Kingdom

Canadian Provinces

Per Atlas® Van Lines Canada data, more people are moving from the southern provinces to the northern provinces. The top three inbound provinces were Newfoundland, Nunavut, and Northwest Territories, whereas the top three outbound provinces were Prince Edward Island, British Columbia, and Alberta.

How Status Is Determined

Each state or province’s status is determined by its threshold value, which is the total number of shipments multiplied by 0.55 (i.e., in a state with 100 moves, at least 55 must be outgoing to be considered outbound). All other states or provinces in which outbound or inbound numbers do not exceed the threshold are classified as balanced. Canadian interprovincial and cross-border (from the U.S. to Canada) shipments are both referenced in the study. International moves indicate both states and countries to which Atlas® World Group International sent the most shipments from international origin countries in 2023.

To view the full results of the 2023 Migration Patterns Study, along with a nationwide map, regional trends, and historical data, download our media kit.